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This page describes the three types of subterranean termite, drywood and dampwood, and the termite species which are located in infestations around Australia.

Termites are classified depending on their nesting and feeding habits: dampwood, drywood and subterranean.

Subterranean termites are the most common kind of termite that infests wood and are one of the most damaging pests worldwide. Outdoors they infest dead wood in contact with the dirt, such as fallen branches, stumps and trees. They prefer although they can digest wood wood that has some amount of rust which makes it a lot easier for them to digest it. .

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Subterranean termites will need to be near a source of moisture to survive, where they can acquire moisture in the 30, making their nests in or close to. They tunnel to get soil or timber and in seasons that they tunnel down deeper to reach moisture. .

The termites use soil as a material to construct nests and shelter tubes, which are composed of dirt, wood, faeces and saliva. Some species construct carton nests above ground and build shield tubes (also referred to as mud tubes) to link the nest to the ground.

Foraging is determined by the weather, with action in summer and minimal activity in winter or dry conditions . In regions they could forage with peaks during warmer, wetter conditions.

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Drywood termites live in colonies, generally less than 1000 individuals, wholly inside parts of timber. There may be several small colonies like a piece of furniture within a piece of wood or item. They can feed across yearly rings so that the galleries do not follow the grain of wood as is subterranean termites, but they tend to steer clear of heartwood.

They obtain their moisture from the wood and do not need other water resources or contact the ground. They do, however, require high humidity.

Colonies may grow for many years undetected until the timber breaks or the termites swarm. Until the population reaches a critical point, the winged alates, which are may not be produced for years in a brand new colony. They then he has a good point leave the nest discover a site that is new in order to mate and begin a new colony, usually not far from the parent colony and to set up. .

Wood that stays moist due to contact with the soil or, for instance, through a water leak in a building is normally infested by dampwood termites. They are likely to infest timber that is outside stump or logs in contact with the soil.

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Termites live inside the timber they make open galleries and feed on. As with termites, they can infest wood for years until they're discovered, which is most likely when the alates swarm from a colony. Swarming may occur over several months, with different species swarming at times.

If they're found at a building they are a sign of a moisture problem. Removing the source of moisture can are minor pests and controls in buildings them. In trees that are live that they have a tendency to feed on rotting and dead wood.

Species can be tricky to identify, even to the experts. Identification is based on the soldiers, which is the termite caste which has the features that were most readily distinguishable.

Of the species listed above, it is the Coptotermes species that are public enemy number 1 in Australia.

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The soldier's mind is yellow and webpage rectangular with darker thin mandibles. Body is up to 7 mm long. It is easily confused with two other native Coptotermes species, including C. frenchi and C. lacteus (Victoria Museum)

The soldiers produce a white sticky liquid out of a opening (fontanelle) on the front of mind when defending the nest from assault.

Mounds are not generally built by coptotermes species, but in Queensland and other tropical areas of Australia. They largely stumps, nests in trees, sticks, buried timber spaces, around houses under buildings and in walls. Trees for nesting are English oakseucalypts and peppercorns. The colony is chiefly located at the root crown or the lower portion of their trunk.

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Coptotermes acinaciformis is the most destructive termite species in Australia overall, though Mastotermes darwiniensis is the locally across its range in tropical Australia. C. acinaciformis attacks all timber structures and damages forest and ornamental trees as well as fruit trees.